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Which spin-constraint problems are naturally QCMA\mathsf{QCMA}-complete?

Can a classical sequence of pairings, recouplings, or an adiabatic path certify a spin-constraint problem? Identify natural complete problems with explicit verification and promise gaps.

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Working mathematical formulation

Define a promise problem on a polynomial-size description of bounded-locality subsystem-spin constraints and thresholds a<ba<b with b−a≥1/poly⁡(n)b-a\ge1/\operatorname{poly}(n). A classical witness describes a polynomial-length sequence of pairings or recouplings, or an efficiently implementable Hamiltonian path, from specified preparable input states. Give a uniform polynomial-time quantum verifier that accepts some such guide on every YES instance and rejects every guide on every NO instance. Seek natural problem families that are QCMA\mathsf{QCMA}-complete under polynomial-time reductions. State exactly what the guide certifies—low energy, a constraint-satisfaction probability, or a state-generation task—and account for preparation and verification error.

Scope & assumptions

Efficiently describing a path is not a proof that it prepares a useful state. Completeness needs a runtime and success bound; soundness applies to every proposed classical guide. The Q19 containment route remains a separate, stronger question.

Why this is interesting

A natural QCMA\mathsf{QCMA}-complete spin problem would identify a verification boundary without requiring the stronger containment StoqMA⊆QCMA\mathsf{StoqMA}\subseteq\mathsf{QCMA}.

A place to start

Fix one guide language and one spin-constraint family. Prove membership by accounting for all verification resources, then ask whether the constraints can express a known classical-witness verification task with a preserved promise gap.

Related work

These works provide context and established results. They need not be the origin of this exact formulation.

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